What counts as an HMO?
A house in multiple occupation is a property where three or more people from more than one household share a kitchen, bathroom or toilet.
3 min read · Updated 2 August 2026
Overview
A house in multiple occupation is a property where three or more people from more than one household share a kitchen, bathroom or toilet. Mandatory licensing applies where five or more people from two or more households share facilities.
Practical guidance
- Count people, not bedrooms — a couple is one household.
- Check additional licensing, which can bring three and four person shares into scope.
- Recheck the position every time the occupancy changes.
Related content
General information for UK landlords and letting agents, not legal advice. Rules differ across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland — check your local requirements or take advice before acting.