HMO (House in Multiple Occupation)
A shared rental occupied by three or more people from two or more households.
4 min read · Updated 2 August 2026
Overview
A House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) is a property let to at least three people who form more than one household, sharing facilities like a kitchen or bathroom. A 'large' HMO — five or more people from two or more households — requires a mandatory HMO licence from the local council. Some councils also require additional or selective licensing.
Legal requirements
- Obtain a mandatory HMO licence for a large HMO (5+ people, 2+ households).
- Meet licence conditions on room sizes, facilities and management.
- Comply with the HMO Management Regulations on safety, waste and repairs.
Common mistakes
- Letting a large HMO without a licence — an unlimited fine and a rent repayment order can follow.
- Assuming a licence covers all of a landlord's properties — it is per property.
Frequently asked questions
When is an HMO licence mandatory?
A mandatory HMO licence is required where five or more people from two or more households share facilities.
Related terms
This wiki entry is general information for UK landlords and letting agents, not legal advice. Rules differ across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland — check your local requirements or take advice before acting.